imagine a world where social robots are our

companions,

educators,

source of entertainment,

therapists,

and personal assistants!


At this point, some of you might be thinking "WOWWW THAT'S PRETTY COOOLLL", some might say "maybe that's not such a good idea..." and others might even have a deep-seated aversion towards these creatures that seek to anthropomorphize. However, this quote might put some things into perspective:


“We need to rethink the role of the robot not as a competitor to humans but as a partner, as something that can extend our capabilities.”
- Justine Cassell


what are social robots?

Social robots are autonomous or semi-autonomous robots that are designed to interact with humans in a social way. They are equipped with sensors, cameras, and other hardware that enable them to perceive and respond to human behaviors and social cues. Social robots can engage in a variety of social interactions such as conversation, emotional expression, and physical gestures, and they are often designed to provide assistance or companionship to humans in various settings such as homes, hospitals, and schools.

what we aim to do!

• Introduce social robots & their impacts in various contexts
• Highlight innovations in social robot technology
• Provide a one-stop platform for researchers and consumers to get an overview of social robots (still a work-in-progress!)

section 1/3: meet the social robots

Discover an array of social robots through an interactive gallery of pictures and graphs. Filter robots by categories and delve deeper into each robot's features, capabilities, and applications.

Developed by Honda, ASIMO is a humanoid robot designed to assist and interact with humans. With its advanced bipedal locomotion, ASIMO can walk, run, and navigate stairs, making it ideal for various applications, including elderly care and disaster relief.

Developed by MIT roboticist Cynthia Breazeal, JIBO is a social robot embodied in an abstract shape that provides personalized assistance and interact with humans. With advanced sensors and voice recognition, Jibo can recognize faces, detect emotions, and respond to voice commands, making it ideal for use in homes and small businesses. Its unique design includes a rotating head and expressive "face," enabling natural social interactions.

Developed by Sony, AIBO is a robotic dog designed to interact with humans in a social manner. Equipped with advanced sensors and cameras, AIBO can perceive and respond to human behavior and social cues. It is a highly advanced robot with sophisticated movements and behaviors, making it ideal for entertainment and companionship purposes.

discover more robots on your own!

Source of robots used in all data visualisations



section 2/3: deep dive into social robot features

After playing with the interactive dot chart above, you might be wondering: what do all those different terms mean? Embodiment? Modalities? Fret not, we'll be explaining those below!

Embodiment: Embodiment in social robots refers to their physical form, movements, and sensory capabilities, which allow for more natural and intuitive interaction with humans and can facilitate the development of emotional connections between humans and robots. In this website, we categorized them into six categories, namely abstract, animal-like, biomimetic, humanoid and hybrid. This categorization was adapted from Mahdi et al.'s literature review.

Target User Group: Social robots cater to diverse user groups, including children, the elderly, individuals with disabilities, and professionals in different industries, by addressing their specific needs and enhancing their lives.

Application Scenarios: Social robots are versatile and adaptable, as demonstrated by case studies and examples showcasing their use in various sectors such as healthcare, education, retail, hospitality, and home environments.

Levels of Autonomy: Autonomy in social robots varies from fully autonomous to remote-controlled systems, and is influenced by factors such as purpose, user group, and technological capabilities, with associated benefits and challenges impacting user experience and effectiveness. In this website, we categorized the robot's autonomy into ten levels according to Beer et al.'s LORA framework.

Input & Output Modalities: Social robots use input modalities such as speech, touch, and gesture recognition to perceive and respond to human interactions, while output modalities such as speech synthesis, facial expressions, and body language allow them to communicate and interact with humans effectively.

modalities breakdown

Click on different parts of the interactive chart to learn more about the different channels of input and output modalities.



section 3/3: key aspects at a glance

Now that you've gotten a better understanding of the details, here is a high level overview of the key features to consider when designing social robots. Filter robots by application categories and get an overview of the level of autonomy, embodiment and modalities that existing social robots possess!

robot database

Scroll horizontally to find out more about each robot!




robot quiz!

As social robots become more integrated into our lives, it is essential to develop frameworks and guidelines that ensure their safe, responsible, and inclusive use. The future of social robots is bright, and we can transform the way we live, work, learn, and interact by embracing the opportunities and addressing the challenges they present. We wish you all the best in your future explorations of the world of social robots and human-robot interaction.


“If we can make the robots that people can interact with, work with, live with, and help us, then we can really make the world a better place.” - Hiroshi Ishiguro


02.526 Interactive Data Visualization (2023) Final Assignment
Sharmayne Lim Zhiyu & Jiang Zhuoqun